Global central banks continue to pour billions into gold, pushing the precious metal to record prices in 2025. A new visualization highlights how gold reserves are distributed worldwide—and which nations dominate global holdings.
According to data compiled by BullionVault, the United States and major European economies together hold more than 60% of the world’s official gold reserves. The map illustrates how gold remains a cornerstone of national financial security, especially amid inflation, currency instability, and geopolitical tensions.
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🇺🇸 United States: The Undisputed Leader
The United States tops the global ranking with 8,133.5 tonnes of gold—more than double the reserves of Germany, the second-largest holder. Much of America’s gold remains stored in high-security facilities such as Fort Knox and the New York Federal Reserve.
At today’s prices, these reserves are valued at over $1 trillion, reinforcing the strength and credibility of the U.S. dollar.
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🇪🇺 Europe: A Legacy of Long-Term Stability
Europe continues to be a powerhouse in gold ownership.
Germany: 3,351.6 tonnes
Italy: 2,451.9 tonnes
France: 2,437.0 tonnes
With nearly 8,200 tonnes combined, these three European nations rival the U.S. total. Their large holdings date back to the Bretton Woods era, reflecting decades of strategic financial planning.
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🇨🇳 China & 🇮🇳 India: Rapid Growth Among Global Powers
China has aggressively increased its gold reserves—from 1,948 tonnes in 2019 to 2,279.6 tonnes in 2024. The accumulation reflects Beijing’s effort to diversify away from U.S. Treasury bonds and strengthen the yuan’s global standing.
India, now one of the world’s fastest-growing major economies, holds 876.2 tonnes, placing it among the top global reserve holders.
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🇵🇱 Poland, 🇹🇷 Turkey & Emerging Markets: Hedging Against Uncertainty
Poland has seen a remarkable rise in reserves, jumping to 448.2 tonnes, while Turkey holds 595.4 tonnes despite economic turbulence and currency volatility.
Other emerging nations—including Uzbekistan (382.6 tonnes) and Saudi Arabia (323.1 tonnes)—are steadily building gold reserves to protect against global financial shocks.
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Top 15 Countries by Gold Reserves (2024)
Rank Country Gold Reserves (tonnes)
1 United States 8,133.5
2 Germany 3,351.6
3 Italy 2,451.9
4 France 2,437.0
5 Russia 2,333.1
6 China 2,279.6
7 Switzerland 1,039.9
8 India 876.2
9 Japan 846.0
10 Netherlands 612.5
11 Turkey 595.4
12 Poland 448.2
13 Portugal 382.7
14 Uzbekistan 382.6
15 Saudi Arabia 323.1
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The Bigger Picture
As global uncertainty increases—from geopolitical tensions to inflation—gold continues to serve as a trusted store of value. Central banks worldwide are strengthening their financial defenses, making gold a strategic and timeless asset.
